History of the scientific relationships of veterinary public health.

The origin of veterinary public health (VPH), as the term is understood today, dates back to the late 1940s and early 1950s with the creation of new responsibilities and a broader range of career openings for veterinarians within some public health agencies, especially in disease intelligence aspects of the newly developing science of epidemiology. Other well-established scientific relationships of veterinary medicine to human health (e.g. food safety, pathogenic microbiology, comparative pathology) experienced renewed vigour as a result of these innovations, the latter also in connection with VPH-facilitated development and support of a new veterinary clinical practice specialty of laboratory animal biology and medicine. Through these expanded interprofessional and intersectoral communication, liaison and cooperation channels, new academic programmes arose within veterinary schools. These programmes brought a number of innovations to the world of veterinary medicine, including newly developed methodologies. A variety of new biomedical research career roles for veterinarians within both veterinary and other medically oriented institutions were identified and filled during this overall process. Also related to these developments was the identification of new roles for veterinarians in environmental science research and practice, beyond those traditionally associated with veterinary food hygiene. Proposals have since been made for significant new intersectoral functions for agriculture-based governmental Veterinary Services in connection with these new aspects of environmental science and with the aims of recent primary health care programmes within public health.